- Couse Objectives
- Understanding HOW analytical thinking WORKS
- Identify SPECIFIC TOOLS and TECHNIQUES
- FRAMEWORK for managing project issues
- Scientific approach to problem solving
- Defining the problem
- Problem Identification
- Observes a discrepancy between the way things are and the way things ought to be
- Getting to the ROOT of PROBLEM
- Fishbone Diagram (Cause and Effect Diagram)
- Five Why's
- Basic Question to support the Root Cause Techniques
- WHO is causing the problem ?
- WHAT will happen if this prolem is not solved ?
- WHERE does this problem ocuur ?
- WHEN does this problem occur ?
- WHY is this problem occurring ?
- HOW should the process or system work ?
- Formulating the Hypotheses
- Main techniques and methods
- Issue Diagram
- Brainstorming
- Issue Diagram - Identify the issues
- Develop a comprehensive list
- REduce the comprehensive list (no duplicates)
- Get down to a major issues list
- Issue Diagram -Hypotheses
- Issue Diagram - Framing the Key Questions
- Collecting the facts
- Getting to the facts
- collecting factual information is necessary
- Frist critical step to identify what information is required and develop a collection technique
- Different problem - Different data - Different colclection technique
- Combining a number of different techniques
- Data collection is a critical stage in problem solving
- Using the issue Diagram to identify data and nformation needs
- Data Collection technique (Technique and tools)
- Using available information
- Checklist
- Data compilation forms
- Observing
- Eyes and ears
- Data compilation forms
- Interviewing
- Interview guide
- Data compilation forms
- Administering Written Questionnaires
- Survey
- Questionnaire
- Conduction Focus Groups
- Flip Charts
- Conducting the Analysis
- Sequential Steps
- Make sure you know what you are trying to solve
- Match up the clearly defined questionor issue with appropriate analytical tools
- Go out and collect the facts
- Verify the facts
- Analytical technique
- Benchmarking : What performance areas are weak?
- SWOT : What are the core competencies of the client?
- Force Field Analysis : What forces can influence the problem ?
Cost Benefit Analysis : All the minuses against all the pluses- Impact Analysis : Potential effect of the proposed solution
- Pareto Analysis : What are the most important issues ?
- Benchmarking
Measures and compares your performance against other similar activities
Differences - possible performance issues
Difficult to collect comparable data
Comparing “best in class” is better
SWOT
Identifies Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats
Most common analytical tool for strategic planning
Subjective
Easy to understand and follow
Very useful for identifying the core competencies of any organization
Force Field (Positive-Negative)
Shows significant forces that impact the problem
Forces tend to be those factors that promote or hinder a solution to a problem
Prioritize forces between direct and indirect
Brainstorm to generate ideas to list all forces
Cost Benefit
Identify all expected costs and benefits
Costs includes all tangible outlays and intangible /qualitative factors
Compare using a set of decision criteria
Look at the net changes between making the decision vs. not making the decision
Impact Analysis
Identifies broad and diverse effects with a problem proposed solution
Answers certain questions
Objective is to minimize adverse or negative impacts going forward
Very useful in assessing risk of different proposed solutions
Pareto Analysis
Quantifies what is most important on a graph
This technique is also known as the 80/20 rule.
Puts focus on the significant problems or issues
Problems or issues based on a common and measurable attribute
Must categorize problems or issues
Plot the data and rank according to frequency
Developing the Solution- Basic Concepts
Select and plan the solution
Use a solution rating matrix to weigh different solutions
Solutions should have support from your previous analysis
Test your solutions as much as you can
Key Messages
Not possible 100% out-of-the box solutions
No solution is a guarantee
You need to get buy-in and commitment from the client
Be prepared with an implementation plan
Five Step Process
Define the Problem
Test in the form of Hypothesis
Focus on Facts
Analysis (Various Analytical Tools)- Recommend a Solution
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